Q&A for Kaldara Green Energy When could you deliver and install 10 MW? After signing purchase agreement we could expect a delivery time of 7 months for the first 5 MW unit, ready for shipping at a port in India. The second unit could be delivered 3 months after that. In the future shorter lead time is expected.
Where is the plant made? In Bangalore India. Company is Hindustan Turbomachinery which is now considered the third largest steam turbine manufacturer in India. Kaldara Green Energy has already secured an Norwegian/Icelandic ownership in the company.
Where does the final assembly take place? India or Iceland? Bangalore India.
Does the manufacturer have ISO certificate or CE marking? Any other quality standard certifications? Hi-Efficiency has already the ISO-35. Development work on the turbine has been assisted by representatives of Concepts NREC, the world's leading independent, fullservice turbomachinery design and development organization (http://www.conceptseti.com/ ).
What is the lead time (from the date of the order) for:
| Complete manufacturing of the power plant |
6-7 months |
| Shipping |
1-2 months |
| Installation |
1 month |
It is supposed that infrastructure preparation will be almost finished when installation starts. We have assumed additional 2-3 months for manufacturing of the first unit (currently in manufacturing) because of extensive test procedures.
Guarantees? Warranty is 15 months from date of commissioning. The turbine blades will be under specific warranty of 20.000 hours.
How would the guarantee work? Would performance criteria have to be met before full payment is made and that Kaldara would stand behind the guarantee? The last 10% of payment is held back by the customer until performance criteria are fulfilled. If you wish so, we can send to potential customers the criteria mentioned in the original tender documents. The tender procedure (early 2008) was supervised by two of the most experienced geothermal Icelandic consultants and resulted in unanimous conclusion.
Is there a prototype that can be seen? Are there prototype tests to be seen? How will tests be conducted? No not yet. Production of the first unit started 1st of May 2008 and will be completed and tested by April 2009. We have earlier discussed warranties. The tests will be performed, at first inhouse at the factory in Bangalore using steam from a boiler, then further tested in actual surroundings at site In Iceland. Our KAPS units are conventional and we have many geothermal power plants in Icelend ready for demonstraion, both single and double flash and also binary.
Unit sizes in MW?In one KAPS unit there are two 2,5 MW turbines connected to one 5 MW Generator.
What is the lowest bars for your inlet pressure? 3 bara
What is the efficiency of the unit at various pressure levels? We are operating at highest 10 bara and there the total efficiency is 73%, including efficiency of turbine, bearings, gearboxes and generator.
For binary units what is the working fluid? Isopentane or Isobuthane.
What are the dimensions and weight of the containers? 3*40 ft standard containes. The heaviest is the turbine/generation, 20 tn for 5 MW.
Efficiency? The isentropic efficiency is around 80%
Can you provide brine utilization factors for different resource temperatures? For each MW Electrical Power you can assume brine utilization factors of 40 kg/sec up to 100 kg/sec depending on the reservoir temperature.
What part of the total power plant is not supplied? Where is the control room? Total Turn Key Plant is delivered. We assume that the electricals and local controls will be in a separate 20 ft container. It will also be possible to operate the plant in remote control.
Does turnkey include construction? KAPS equipment is delivered in containers. Site preparation and additional construction is not included.
What range of resource temperatures are applicable? With temperature of 120-180°C Binary-Cycle Power Plants are used and with temperature >180°C Flash Type Power Plants are used. For Binary-Type the upper temperature limit is restricted by the thermal stability of the organic binary fluids (isopentane or isobuthane) and the lower temperature limit is restricted by practical and economic considerations
How much cooling water is required? It depends on temperature of the cooling water source but could be 3-5 times the brine flow rate.
Cooling water specs, can it use sea water? Yes.
For flash units how are the noncondensable gases handled? We use steam ejector system. This is in two stages.
Is the power 60hz compatible? 50 hz is the standard. We have to change the gearboxes from 7000rpm/3000rpm for 50 hz to 7000rpm/3600rpm for 60 hz. The voltage level of the power plant is 11 kV.
Do you also supply parts and maintenance? Spare parts are included in the price, including spare rotor.
Operating costs? For Operation and Maintenance we have assumed yearly costs of 3% of Capital Costs. This is based on Icelandic experience.
Availability? Assumed at least 8000 hours/year, allowing for preventive maintenance during downtime period. This is based in Icelandic experience.